Urticaria is caused by localised dermal oedema secondary to a temporary increase in capillary permeability. If oedema involves subcutaneous or submucosal layers, the term angioedema is used. Acute urticaria may be associated with angioedema of the lips, face, tongue, throat and, rarely, wheezing, abdominal pain, headaches and even anaphylaxis .
Urticaria present for less than 6 weeks is considered to be acute, and chronic if it continues for more than 6 weeks. Individual weals last for less than 24 hours; if they persist, urticarial vasculitis needs to be considered. Clarification of duration can be achieved by drawing around the weal and Re-assessing 24 hours later.
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