Posted in Category:
Stomach Diseases
(IBS) is characterised by recurrent abdominal pain in association with abnormal defecation in the absence of a structural abnormality of the gut. . Nevertheless, IBS is the most common cause of gastrointestinal referral and accounts for frequent absenteeism from work and impaired quality of life. Young women are affected 2–3 times more often than men. Coexisting conditions, such as non-ulcer dyspepsia, chronic fatigue syndrome, dysmenorrhoea and fibromyalgia, are common. Between 5 and 10% of patients have a history of physical or sexual abuse.
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Posted in Category:
Stomach Diseases
Gastro-oesophageal reflux resulting in heartburn affects approximately 30% of the general population CAUSES
Aspirin, NSAIDs
- H. pylori
- Alcohol
- Other drugs, e.g. iron preparations
- Severe physiological stress, e.g. burns, multi-organ failure,
CNS trauma
- Bile reflux
- Viral infections
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases which pursue a protracted relapsing and remitting course, usually extending over years. The diseases have many similarities and it is sometimes impossible to differentiate between them. A crucial distinction is that ulcerative colitis only involves the colon, while Crohn’s disease can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus.
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Posted in Category:
Stomach Diseases
Constipation is defined as infrequent passage of hard stools. Patients may also complain of straining, a sensation of incomplete evacuation and either discomfort. Constipation may occur in many gastrointestinal and other medical disorders
Causes of constipation
Gastrointestinal disorders
Dietary
- Lack of fibre and/or fluid intake
Motility
- Slow-transit constipation
- Irritable bowel syndrome
Structural
- Colonic carcinoma
- Diverticular disease
- Hirschsprung’s disease
Defecation
Crohn’s,fissures, haemorrhoids
Non-gastrointestinal disorders
Drugs
- Opiates
- Iron supplements
- Antacids
Neurological
- Multiple sclerosis
- Spinal cord lesions
Metabolic/endocrine
- Diabetes mellitus
- Hypercalcaemia
- Hypothyroidism
- Pregnancy
Others
- Any serious illness with immobility, especially in the elderly
Disorders causing malabsorption
Coeliac disease WHEAT ALLERGY
Coeliac disease is an inflammatory disorder of the small bowel occurring in genetically susceptible individuals, which results from intolerance to wheat gluten and similar proteins found in rye, barley and, to a lesser extent, oats. It can result in malabsorption and responds to a gluten-free diet. The condition occurs worldwide but is more common in northern Europe. The prevalence in the UK is approximately 1%, although 50% of these people are asymptomatic.
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Posted in Category:
Stomach Diseases
Diarrhoea is defined as the passage of more than 200 g of stool daily, and measurement of stool volume is helpful in confirming this. The most severe symptom in many patients is urgency of defecation, and faecal incontinence.
Acute diarrhoea
This is extremely common and is usually due to faecal–oral transmission of bacteria or their toxins, viruses. Infective diarrhoea is usually shortlived and patients who present with a history of diarrhoea lasting more than 10 days rarely have an infective cause.
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