Within any population, blood pressure values occur within a continuum, and are determined by mechanical, hormonal and environmental factors. Systemic BP rises with age, and the incidence of cardiovascular disease is closely related to average BP at all ages, even when BP readings are within the so-called normal range.
CAUSES OF HYPERTENSION
In more than 95% of cases, a specific underlying cause of hypertension cannot be found. Such patients are said to have essential hypertension. Development, including renal dysfunction, peripheral endothelial dysfunction, autonomic tone, insulin resistance and neurohumoral factors.
Causes of secondary hypertension
Obesity
Pregnancy
Renal disease
- Parenchymal renal disease,
- Renal vascular disease
- Polycystic kidney disease
Endocrine disease
- Phaeochromocytoma
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Primary hyperaldosteronism
- Glucocorticoid-suppressible hyperaldosteronism
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Acromegaly
- Primary hypothyroidism
- Thyrotoxicosis
Drugs
- Oral contraceptives containing oestrogens, anabolic steroids, corticosteroids
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