Constipation is defined as infrequent passage of hard stools. Patients may also complain of straining, a sensation of incomplete evacuation and either discomfort. Constipation may occur in many gastrointestinal and other medical disorders
Causes of constipation
Gastrointestinal disorders
Dietary
- Lack of fibre and/or fluid intake
Motility
- Slow-transit constipation
- Irritable bowel syndrome
Structural
- Colonic carcinoma
- Diverticular disease
- Hirschsprung’s disease
Defecation
Crohn’s,fissures, haemorrhoids
- Obstructed defecation
Non-gastrointestinal disorders
Drugs
- Opiates
- Iron supplements
- Antacids
Neurological
- Multiple sclerosis
- Spinal cord lesions
Metabolic/endocrine
- Diabetes mellitus
- Hypercalcaemia
- Hypothyroidism
- Pregnancy
Others
- Any serious illness with immobility, especially in the elderly
- Depression
Disorders causing malabsorption
Coeliac disease WHEAT ALLERGY
Coeliac disease is an inflammatory disorder of the small bowel occurring in genetically susceptible individuals, which results from intolerance to wheat gluten and similar proteins found in rye, barley and, to a lesser extent, oats. It can result in malabsorption and responds to a gluten-free diet. The condition occurs worldwide but is more common in northern Europe. The prevalence in the UK is approximately 1%, although 50% of these people are asymptomatic.
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